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In this article, we describe the incidence, clinical features, complications, and outcome in adults with recurrent community-acquired bacterial meningitis. We performed the first prospective nationwide cohort study involving adults with community-acquired bacterial meningitis. Most previous data were derived from small retrospective case series. Recurrent bacterial meningitis has been estimated to occur in 4%–9% of all patients with community-acquired bacterial meningitis cases have been described after head trauma and neurosurgical procedures, even after several years, and have also been described in patients with congenital malformations or immunocompromised state. The estimated incidence is 2.6–6 cases per 100,000 adults per year in developed countries, and Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis are the leading causes. We conclude that most patients with recurrent meningitis are male and have predisposing conditions, which, in most cases, are remote head injury or CSF leakage.Ĭommunity-acquired bacterial meningitis is a serious and life-threatening disease.

The outcome was death for 5 (15%) of 34 episodes 1 additional patient had a suboptimal score on the Glasgow Outcome Scale.Ĭonclusion. Lumbar puncture revealed an individual CSF indicator of bacterial meningitis for almost all episodes (88%). Predisposing conditions were involved in 26 (77%) of 34 episodes the most common predisposing conditions were remote head injury (17 of 32 episodes) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (9 of 28 episodes). The mean age was 43 years, and 25 (74%) of 34 episodes occurred in men. Thirty-four episodes of recurrent bacterial meningitis were identified among 31 patients 3 patients experienced 2 episodes during the study period. We prospectively evaluated episodes of recurrent bacterial meningitis in a nationwide cohort study in The Netherlands. All previous data were derived from small retrospective case series.

Community-acquired recurrent bacterial meningitis in adults is a relatively rare disease.